(Sept 4): Singapore’s air quality hit an unhealthy level on Friday as haze from forest fires raging in neighbouring Indonesia continued to spread across swathes of Southeast Asia.
The city-state is currently one of the 10 most-polluted major cities in the world, coming in at third in IQAir’s ranking. Kuching, in the Malaysian part of the island of Borneo, was No 1.
A government taskforce has “activated haze response plans” for schools, workplaces and community centres, Minister for Sustainability and the Environment Grace Fu said in a video message on Facebook. Most people could continue essential daily activities, but the elderly or vulnerable should check advisories before going outdoors, she added.
If air quality continues to worsen, “selected air-conditioned community spaces may be used by those who need respite from the haze”, she said, adding that the polluted air “could be with us for a while”.
Singapore’s 24-hour Pollution Standards Index stood at 105 as of 12 noon local time on Friday, according to the country’s National Environment Agency. A reading between 101 and 200 is deemed ‘unhealthy’, while above 300 is categorised as ‘hazardous’.
The fires and accompanying haze are an annual occurrence, often attributed to traditional and commercial land-clearing practices. But this year’s ‘super El Niño’ weather pattern, which is expected to start peaking from September, threatens to intensify and prolong adverse impacts on public health and commercial activity across the region.
The number of fire hotspots was rising again on the Indonesian part of Borneo after a small decline earlier, according to local media that cited the country’s forestry minister, highlighting the challenge authorities face in containing the blazes. The government has deployed at least 6,000 ground personnel and is conducting water-bombing and weather modification in a bid to douse the flames aerially.
The impact of the El Niño is rippling across Southeast Asia’s largest economy. Indonesia’s biggest nickel complex may have to slash output by as much as 40% due to drought disrupting its water supply, while drier waterways are snarling palm oil shipments.
Nearly 40% of Kalimantan’s roughly 417,000 tonnes of monthly palm oil output has had to be transported by truck instead of barge since the first week of August, adding to transportation costs, said M Hadi Sugeng Wahyudiono, secretary general of the Indonesian Palm Oil Association, known as Gapki.
Benchmark palm prices have climbed about 7% so far in the third quarter and are near a two-year high. Among the drivers are the potential for El Niño and intensifying fires to dent production in the months ahead, and tightening supply as Indonesia diverts more of its palm oil to biofuels.
Air quality was also deteriorating in other parts of the region. Malaysia’s Sarawak recorded “hazardous” levels of air pollution, while Indonesian authorities urged residents in Kalimantan, where the hotspots are concentrated, to be on alert for worsening conditions.
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