Taiwan did not qualify for the World Cup, but many people on the sporting-mad island are football fans.
Police raided a house in the southern city of Tainan on Wednesday, Tainan City Police Department's Fourth Precinct said in a statement.
They arrested eight people and seized computers, mobile phones, ledgers and cash, the statement said.
Five of the eight people had travelled from Hong Kong and Macao on tourist visas for the World Cup betting operation.
The outfit had allegedly raked in nearly NT$10 billion (US$313 million) in bets on World Cup matches, police said.
They had rented the five-storey house for the period of the tournament.
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