This article first appeared in City & Country, The Edge Malaysia Weekly on January 8, 2024 - January 14, 2024

Architects play a pivotal role in shaping our built environment. More than just creating iconic designs, they craft spaces that can have a lasting impact for generations to come. In the first of a two-part series, City & Country features some of the nation’s next-generation architects who have the capacity to influence the future of Malaysian architecture. They tell us why they chose the profession, how their designs can transform the country’s architectural landscape and their hopes for the industry. They also share their design approach and showcase a completed project that best represents their work as an architect.

Director

OTCQ Architects

My decision to become an architect was partly influenced by the era and place in which I grew up. I come from a humble village and my house was made of timber. My neighbourhood, which was nestled in a developing Kuala Lumpur, allowed me to create a strong bond with architecture as I witnessed monumental buildings being erected back then — for instance, the Dayabumi Complex, Bangunan Tabung Haji and Petronas Twin Towers. These developments amazed me as a young soul and made me curious to explore the mastermind behind all these structures. I was curious and desirous to know how unique a building can be and how it represents Malaysia’s identity as a tropical country. As I walk through the city today, I feel not only nostalgic but also wistful about how people and nature lived so closely together just a few decades ago. Today, the scale of a building can go from several storeys to mega developments.

I am currently experimenting and demonstrating to what extent tropical architecture can affect Malaysians’ lifestyles. That was my original calling when I was first set on choosing architecture as my lifelong career path.

As for my design approach, I do not have a fixed method. But I do emphasise the anthropology of architecture for my projects, which comprises three key parameters — people, environment and sustainability. People who eventually use the building are our key consideration. We believe every single soul is beautifully unique; therefore, the place they dwell in must be able to address the needs of their unique lifestyle.

Environment and the locality of the site are other parameters we spend a lot of time on before we venture into our design. These include the historical and cultural background of the place, and the value of the tangible and intangible spirit of the site. From there, we form an understanding and evaluate whether the client’s intention matches with what exists there. I believe we should be respectful of the surroundings and context when developing new buildings. We have to acknowledge the fact that whatever we are building now is withdrawing resources from our future generation, which is why sustainability is important. If we are not sensitive to what we are doing, there will be a day when future generations will suffer the consequences.

One of my most notable projects is the Medang Serai House in Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur. The house is owned by two brothers who have lived abroad for years. The intention was to build a co-living space so they could have their privacy and which would serve as a family house as well. They love the expression of truth to the material, such as the use of greenery, and their preferences matched with our design approach of tropical architecture.

The site itself is occupied by some of the earliest townhouses in Kuala Lumpur. The existing interlocking structure between the houses resulted in a dark interior and low ceiling, which made it feel extremely compressed. What we did to open up the space was remove all the unnecessary corners, simplify the layout, and bring in natural light and airflow. The house faces a T-junction, where dust and noise are a nuisance. So, we added a layer of bricks to screen off the discomfort.

During the planning stage, we considered demolishing and rebuilding the whole structure, but decided to take the road less travelled. We do note that the construction industry contributes the biggest carbon footprint, which is worrying. So, our approach is always to build just enough. We try to use anything existing on-site. Planning some greenery within the house compound and in the house also helps balance the ecosystem that had to be disrupted during the construction process. We often notice insects and small animals come back once the environment is stabilised.

As for how we can transform the country’s architecture industry, I think we are just a group of young designers trying to instil our beliefs in our projects. We do not look beyond our users and the community they are in. But how far this will affect the greater community, we will have to leave it to time to tell.

Architecture is more than just providing a shell. It has the power to transform or uplift a generation. Look at the buildings in our country that have been erected in the past, which we feel so proud to have. Even our Program Perumahan Rakyat (People’s Housing Programme) was executed with much empathy back in the day; we [architecture firms and developers] used to care about human behaviour and provided space for the community to interact in.

Today, the buildings that have been built are much bigger and taller and have posh, shiny exteriors, ultra-advanced smart features and multi-tier security checkpoints. But what is missing in these developments? That is a serious question the architecture community should address.

Director

Perundingan Alam Bina Sdn Bhd

As I was growing up, I was fortunate to have had the chance to visit different countries and experience different cities. I think that was the start of how I became interested in the built environment, the local historical and social context, ideas of place and placemaking, and how good design can make a difference in the lives of the people living in the building and its immediate urban landscape. Choosing to study architecture at university was a natural fit for me. Through this vocation, I hope to make a positive impact on the lives of others in the places I design.

Ultimately, in the work that I do, I would like to create healthy ecologies that are good for both people and the planet. In other words, a healthy ecology is achieved when nature, the immediate context, the landscape design, building architecture and interiors are considered and designed holistically.

I am acutely aware that I am not designing for my sake, but for the client and, by extension, the ultimate users of the project. So, I start by first truly understanding the objectives of the client — what they are looking to achieve from this project — and then attempt to provide solutions that meet and, if possible, exceed their criteria while ensuring the outcome is aligned with our values and objectives. It is often a Rubik’s Cube of considerations to resolve to make everyone happy.

We have since tested new approaches in our healthcare projects, commercial buildings and, recently, for a private pre-school. Beyond the functional and technical requirements, architecture must always serve to inspire.

A notable project is an integrated development in Jalan Desa Aman 1 in Cheras (Aman Elite by CL Elite Developer Sdn Bhd). We were approached by the developer to advise on maximising their returns on the odd-shaped plot fronting the major arterial road — Jalan Cheras. The 1½-acre wedge-shaped site measuring 180m in length and 58m at its deepest point would not have been profitable when considering typical planning setbacks. After considering the issues, we proposed an integrated development, with the major component being shopoffices. The planning guidelines for shopoffices afforded a zero setback along the street front, thus we were able to maximise the buildable area of the site.

The development consists of seven pairs of five-storey shopoffices; each pair of units shares a dedicated lift lobby. The success of the first phase has led the client to be more receptive towards the idea of creating ‘healthier ecologies’, and we will be adopting more green building solutions in the next phase. The second phase of the project will be a 14-storey hotel with a landscaped breezeway on Level 4; this tower is under construction.

We are particularly pleased with how the green spaces have matured since the completion of the first phase. A well-landscaped garden becomes the buffer between the existing houses and the development, offering a pleasant green space for the building users and the greater neighbourhood.

Meanwhile, I think it would be too early in my career to fathom how my work would transform the architecture industry nationally. I do hope, however, to continue improving with each project I undertake and to continue to hone my craft as an architect. Through my public role at the Malaysian Institute of Architects (PAM), I will do my best to be an effective advocate for the profession.

In terms of my hopes for the industry, more emphasis needs to be placed on nurturing design thinking among schoolchildren so that the effort behind the production of good design is better understood. 

Recently, I was in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, where I visited Weiwuying, the National Center for the Arts. It is a remarkable building and among the top performing arts centres globally. I happened to join a tour of the building, along with local schoolchildren, and the guide spoke passionately about the architectural design and the role of the architect in crafting such an amazing building. “You must all know the name of the architect; her name is Francine Houben.”

I can hardly imagine a similar scenario in Malaysia. Are children taught to value good design outcomes? Are architects viewed as heroes in society?

We observed that post-pandemic, all things being equal, the better-designed projects were easier to market than the poorer-designed ones. When it comes to design, the lowest cost is not always the best value. When professional fees are suppressed, less time and effort will be dedicated to creating an ideal outcome. The short-term savings by the developer by being ‘cheap’ pales in comparison to the prolonged holding costs of poorly designed products.

When society finds it difficult to understand and appreciate a good design outcome from a mediocre one, we will find it hard to progress as a nation. Likewise, our political leaders and captains of industry need to truly understand, celebrate and reward good design outcomes and the long-lasting impact they have on society and the environment.

Principal

Fabian Tan Architect

During my youth, I knew I wanted to engage in a field that embraced creativity, leaning towards the visual arts. My late father, an architect, naturally steered me towards studying architecture. I embarked on this path with limited knowledge, making my decision to become an architect quite accidental. Over the years, however, I developed a profound passion for architecture. The most rewarding aspect of my job is witnessing my designs evolve into physical spaces that one can touch and feel.

I don’t have preconceived ideas on the project site during the initial visit. Instead, observations of the feeling of the space are made without prejudice. Throughout the design process, concepts are constantly refined, resulting in individual variations meant for a specific context. I firmly believe that the essence of architecture lies in its metaphysical whole reflecting on its constituent parts: intangible elements such as light, volume, proportion, nature and relationships. My guiding design philosophy is to apply restraint, which is very difficult to me sometimes, considering the choices we have nowadays: if you can do anything, it doesn’t mean you should do everything.

If I had to choose a project that best represents my work, it would be the Bewboc House in Kuala Lumpur, the first house of my practice that has won local and international awards. While I am proud of its recognition, Bewboc also holds a special place for me because the unique concept is derived from my caving expeditions at the Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak. From an insightful study of the cave, the differentiation of the elements of floor, wall and ceiling seems to disappear, and this is shown in the concrete wall — with the vaulted roof as a continuous spatial atmosphere. The house also features an interplay of light and sight through the multi-levelled platforms, with a 16ft-high timber door, allowing the occupants to truly experience the volume of the space. Interestingly, an inverted arch window (nicknamed ‘smiley’ window) is positioned on the first floor study to relate to the upright arch, creating a perspective of continuity that expands the space. This pivotal work has shaped my current works in terms of an intentional idea, specific to its context and site. In other words, everything relates to everything.

My designs come from a deeply personal perspective of the world. I utilise architecture as a means of self-expression. This comes from meticulous study, observation/contemplation of the art of architecture. In this digital generation, ideas can be conceived at a click of a button. But, usually, I am more confused by this process and don’t rely on it. Ideally, if my work could speak, I hope it will have the capacity to influence and inspire others through a different approach. I am more expressive through my works than words. Perhaps I will write a book about this in the near future.

My hopes for the architecture industry in Malaysia? I have noticed for a long time that there are a lot of underutilised public spaces in Kuala Lumpur, where I reside. I am sure this phenomenon of forgotten spaces occurs in other cities as well. Sometimes, I would imagine what would happen in those spaces. I hope for the architecture of these spaces to be revitalised into a place that has a purposeful impact on the community in the aspect of well-being, the arts and education. Examples could be parks, plazas, community centres, museums and libraries. The industry and stakeholders should embrace translating the idea into reality. This will take considerable effort, but I am hopeful it will happen someday, sooner or later.

Associate

Veritas Architects Sdn Bhd

Growing up, I always had a passion for arts and crafts. This passion fuelled my curiosity to understand how things work, leading me to explore various hobbies such as pottery, printing and leathercraft. These experiences and skills have helped refine my creativity and deepen my appreciation for the intricate design process.

Ultimately, my passion for problem-solving and the opportunity to enhance people’s living and working spaces drove me to choose a career in architecture. I believe architects are not just designers but also problem solvers, where each project presents its own unique set of challenges, and it is our responsibility to find innovative solutions that meet the needs of our clients.

When it comes to my design approach, I believe in taking a holistic point of view. With each new project, I try to consider every aspect, which includes the client’s brief and budget, site constraints and urban context, as interconnected pieces of a puzzle that I have to creatively solve. By looking at all these parameters together, I try to develop a comprehensive design solution that meets the needs and aspirations of the client, while also considering the surrounding environment and the long-term impact of the project.

As a design tool, the flow, proportions of space, and materiality are things I carefully consider to curate the user’s experience through the spaces that I design. Essentially, I aim to create places that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also deeply engaging. Whether it’s a public building, a residential complex or an urban place, I strive to create spaces that foster a sense of connection, community and well-being. By integrating elements of nature, incorporating sustainable design practices and understanding the unique needs of the users, I aim to create spaces that truly enrich people’s lives and contribute to a more sustainable and harmonious built environment.

The Saloma Link Bridge is a project that holds great meaning for me. It was one of the first projects I worked on as an architect while at Veritas Architects. This project exemplifies how even a small piece of architecture can have a significant and long-lasting impact on society.

The link, completed in 2020, is a pedestrian bridge that connects two important districts — Kuala Lumpur city centre (KLCC) and Kampung Baru — that were previously separated by the Klang River and the six-lane AKLEH (Ampang–Kuala Lumpur Elevated Highway). Inspired by the sirih junjung — a handcrafted matrimonial gift made from sirih (betel nut) leaves traditionally offered at Malay weddings as a symbol of unity — the Saloma Link represents a ceremonial gesture that symbolises the bond between two important enclaves in the city.

The Saloma Link project involved the redevelopment of Jalan Saloma to include a small streetside plaza, wider shaded footpaths and a 370m elevated walkway that culminates in a bridge spanning 69m across the Klang River and AKLEH. The bridge lands at Kampung Baru, creating a small elevated viewing platform that showcases the vibrant skyline view of KLCC with its iconic Petronas Twin Towers. The Saloma Link is not only a bridge but also sets the groundwork for the future of Kampung Baru.

Architects play a crucial role in shaping the world around us and have a responsibility to create spaces that are functional and sustainable while being deeply meaningful to the people who inhabit them. I aspire for my designs to be able to captivate people’s senses, spark their imagination and have a lasting, positive impact on their lives. I firmly believe that architecture should go beyond functionality and aesthetics and strive to enhance the well-being and quality of life for individuals and communities.

It is important to recognise, however, that good design is not solely the work of architects alone. It requires an effective collaboration with many stakeholders such as the clients, consultants and contractors. Fostering strong partnerships and building trust can ensure that good designs are executed well with precision and attention to detail, resulting in exceptional spaces that exceed expectations.

Thus, I hope that my design, however small it may be, can be a catalyst for new creativity, pushing the boundaries of traditional design norms and inspiring fellow architects to challenge the status quo. By doing so, we can collectively see progressive transformation of the architecture industry in Malaysia.

I hope to see more inclusive architecture, one that prioritises designing spaces that are accessible to all and cater for the diverse needs of the population. It is my hope that future buildings will not only be designed in isolation but also focus on the intermediary spaces — the Third Space. These spaces, such as public parks, plazas, community centres and cafés, have the potential to foster social interactions and cultural exchange. They can cultivate a sense of belonging and a feeling of community, especially in the context of rapid urbanisation and globalisation.

There is also a growing awareness of the importance of sustainability in the architecture industry in Malaysia. Architects are increasingly incorporating green design principles and using local materials and techniques. My hopes for the architecture industry revolve around sustainability, inclusivity and connectivity. By embracing innovative approaches, considering the spaces between buildings and prioritising environmental consciousness, we can create a built environment that enhances the quality of life for all Malaysians.

Director

Arkitek KOPA Sdn Bhd

I trace my passion for architecture back to my childhood, where curiosity about the built environment and a love for creativity converged. Growing up in Malaysia’s diverse culture, I was inspired by the rich architectural heritage and the dynamic urban landscape. This fuelled a desire to contribute meaningfully to the rapid urbanisation of Malaysia and my local community.

My design approach revolves around a holistic understanding of the site, culture and the people who will inhabit the spaces I create. I believe in sustainable and context-sensitive design that integrates modern aesthetics with passive design elements and embraces the principles of biophilic design. By blending innovation with cultural sensitivity, I strive to create spaces that are not only visually stunning but also promote a sense of identity and connection.

Incorporating biophilic design elements, such as natural light, greenery and materials inspired by the local environment, enhances the overall well-being of the occupants and fosters a deeper connection to nature within the built environment. This approach not only contributes to the aesthetic appeal of the spaces but also aligns with the broader goal of creating sustainable and harmonious environments that resonate with the cultural context of Malaysia.

One project that encapsulates my design philosophy is Kingfisher Sandakan Condominium in Sandakan, Sabah. The site is located on a hill and the residential towers have been strategically oriented to embrace the natural hill terrain. Each tower is gently stepped up to suit the slope profile. All areas are interconnected with gentle ramps and apron walkways, designed to be friendly to the elderly, children and disabled individuals.

The primary challenge of this project was to maintain affordability. Innovative infrastructure design seamlessly integrates the building footprint with the existing slope ground profile. This project seamlessly incorporates sustainable design principles by applying passive design throughout the public area, the use of locally sourced materials and a design that complements the natural surroundings, which showcases my team’s commitment to both environmental consciousness and yet maintains the project’s affordability.

The facilities deck is strategically positioned to maximise the advantages of the topography, allowing its multilevel layout to seamlessly follow the natural slope of the site. A series of terraced platforms cascading down the slope creates a visually captivating composition. These interconnected levels not only enhance the aesthetic appeal but also provide functional spaces for various activities, including sports courts, children’s playground, swimming pool and trellis area.

This project is testament to the collaborative spirit and collective expertise of the core partners in our architectural firm, reflecting the combined dedication, skills and innovative thinking of our team.

I believe that my designs can contribute to transforming the architecture industry in Malaysia by challenging conventional norms and encouraging innovation. By prioritising sustainability and cultural relevance, I aim to inspire fellow architects and developers to adopt similar principles in their projects. Through the integration of biophilic design, environmentally-conscious practices and a deep understanding of local contexts, we can collectively elevate architecture standards in Malaysia.

Moreover, collaboration and knowledge-sharing within the architectural community can propel the building industry forward. Embracing a mindset of continuous learning and adaptation to evolving global trends will position Malaysian architects at the forefront of the international design scene.

My aspirations for the architecture industry in Malaysia are multifaceted. First, I hope to see greater emphasis on sustainable and green architecture, where environmentally-friendly practices become the norm rather than the exception. This includes not only the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources and efficient waste management systems but also the integration of biophilic elements into designs. By incorporating natural elements such as green walls, open atriums and softscapes, we can create a built environment that not only conserves energy but also establishes a physically and mentally healthy environment in building and city scale.

Second, I envision a more inclusive approach to architecture that celebrates the country’s diversity. Embracing and integrating various cultural influences in design will not only enhance the aesthetic appeal of our built environment but also create spaces that resonate with the people who inhabit them.

Lastly, I hope for a strong emphasis on architectural education and research. Fostering a culture of innovation and research within architectural institutions can empower the next generation of architects with the knowledge and skills needed to address the unique challenges presented by Malaysia’s dynamic urban landscape.

In conclusion, as a Sabahan architect, my humble journey is guided by a commitment to creating sustainable, culturally relevant and innovative designs that have the potential to transform the architecture industry in Malaysia for the better. Through collaboration, education and a shared commitment to excellence, I am optimistic about the future of architecture in our dynamic and culturally rich nation.

Save by subscribing to us for your print and/or digital copy.

P/S: The Edge is also available on Apple's App Store and Android's Google Play.