The National Automotive Policy (NAP) 2020 outlines a comprehensive and forward-looking framework for the automotive sector. This initiative aims to contribute RM104.2 billion to the nation's Gross Domestic Product by 2030, with an additional target of RM10 billion in exports of remanufactured automotive parts and components within the same timeframe.

This policy establishes clear and ambitious targets for the industry's future. It emphasizes the importance of environmental sustainability, innovation, and the incorporation of advanced technologies.

A key initiative supporting these objectives is the 4R2S Certification Scheme, which demonstrates a commitment to continuous improvement and sustainable practices. 4R2S is a Malaysia Standard introduced by the Malaysian Automotive, Robotic and IoT Institute (MARii) to increase motor vehicle aftermarket competitiveness locally and internationally.

The standards comprise MS2697:2018 - Motor Vehicle Aftermarket; Repair, Reuse, Recycle and Remanufacture (4R) for Parts and Components, and MS2696:2018 - Motor Vehicle Aftermarket; Service and Spare Parts (2S). Two new standards were also developed for the industry which are MS2725:2021 - Motor Vehicle Sales Requirements, and MS2726:2024 - Motor Vehicle Aftermarket Smash Repair Requirements.

Ts. Md Adha Rahmat, Senior General Manager of the Management System Certification Department at SIRIM QAS International, explains the nature of 4R2S in detail and how the certifications focus on sustainability.

"The 4R code of practice-Repair, Reuse, Recycle, and Remanufacture-focuses on managing end-life vehicles (ELVs) and end-life parts (ELPs). These practices promote a systematic and environmentally responsible approach to the automotive industry," said Md Adha.

He added that the automotive industry is deeply engaged in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) initiatives. By remanufacturing parts and components from ELVs, the industry offers sustainable alternatives to consumers, reduces waste, and conserves valuable resources. This reduces the need for new raw materials, thereby lowering carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and conserving resources.

This practice, Md Adha said, aligns with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 12) - Responsible Consumption and Production, promoting sustainable industry practices.

Md Adha said the 2S code of practice focuses on the 4Ms: Man, Machine, Method, and Material. These elements ensure safety, quality, and environmental compliance in the vehicle aftermarket industry.

He further explains that 4M delves into four specific elements. Man refers to skilled personnel, Machine involves calibrated tools, Material covers high-quality components, and Method ensures proper repair procedures.

Man refers to a competent person, which 2S standard specifically addresses the requirements for a Technical Specialist, who possesses the Malaysian Skills Certificate (SKM) Level 3 qualification, for diagnosis and final inspection of vehicles before releasing the repaired vehicle to the client. The standard also requires updating on the latest automotive technology.

Machine refers to the tools and equipment used for maintenance activities. Specific critical processes, such as calibrated tools or equipment, are also clearly stated in the standard.

Material covers parts, components, and chemicals, such as lubricants. The 2S standard emphasizes the use of high-quality replacement parts that meet original equipment manufacturer (OEM) standards. It also outlines warranty periods for reused, repaired, and remanufactured parts.

Method relates to the procedures and instructions in service manuals, which include detailed processes for maintenance, replacement, and tool calibration. Proper adherence to these methods ensures consistency and reliability.

Compliance with the Consumer Protection Act 1999, the Occupational Safety and Health (Amendment) Act 2022, and the Environmental Quality Act 1974 is emphasized within the 2S standard. Transaction documents, such as invoices, must clearly itemize the price of parts, labour, and tax. Facilities are subject to inspections and approval by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH).

Managing scheduled waste, such as used oil, is a key focus of the standard, with specific requirements outlined under the Environmental Quality Act 1974. These measures aim to improve environmental practices and build consumer trust in certified facilities.

Md Adha stated that Malaysia is dealing with increasing numbers of abandoned vehicles. He said the government started a pilot project to manage end-life vehicles in March 2021. It is a collaboration between MARii, Department of Environment (DOE) and the Ministry of Transport (MOT) Malaysia.

"Licensed Authorised Treatment Facilities (ATF) recover parts from ELVs for reuse, repair, and remanufacture while the remaining components are recycled, aligning with SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities," he said.

He explained that the DOE licenses the ATF facilities under Section 18 of the Environmental Quality Act 1974. Under the regulation, abandoned vehicles are classified as scheduled waste under SW 422, which refers to a mixture of scheduled waste and non-scheduled waste.

"One of the objectives of this facility is to recover parts and components for reuse, repair and remanufacture. The main component, namely the 'hulk', is to be disposed of as scrap for recycling purposes," Md Adha said.

While most industries focus on ESG, another concerning issue is CO2 emissions. Several companies consider treating end-of-life vehicles as part of their contribution to sustainable development goals.

Through the 4R2S certification, companies can enhance their global competitiveness and support economic growth while adopting sustainable practices. Proper ELV management prevents pollution and waste and follows the 4R principles, ensuring that automotive components are reused effectively. This approach minimises environmental impact and fosters a circular economy in the automotive sector.

Md Adha said SIRIM QAS International's certification programmes are designed to elevate the Malaysian automotive industry to new heights.

"By focusing on quality, safety, and sustainability, we protect consumers and ensure our industry remains competitive globally," he said.

Md Adha affirmed that 4R2S can promote Malaysia's commitment to greener practices while creating more jobs for the public.

"SIRIM QAS International's certification validates our commitment to sustainable practices. Remanufacturing components from ELVs makes environmental sense and opens new business opportunities, especially with export targets under the NAP 2020," Md Adha asserted.

SIRIM's 4R2S Certification initiative significantly advances Malaysia's automotive industry. It focuses on consumer protection, environmental sustainability, and industry best practices.

By managing ELVs, Malaysia is aligned with global environmental standards. This initiative supports the National Automotive Policy 2020 and aims to enhance the reputation of Malaysian automotive products and services while promoting a sustainable and economically resilient future. Through 4R2S Certification, Malaysia's automotive industry is not only safeguarding the environment, it's also shaping a globally competitive and sustainable future.